The CD 4060 is a 14-stage binary counter with Q1, Q2 Q3 and Q11 missing. The maximum division is 16,384 with Q14 going HIGH after 8,192 cycles and then LOW after another 8,192 cycles. It has internal components to create an oscillator when two resistors and a capacitor are added to pins 9, 10 and [...]
When two different layers P–type and N–type are joined and pressed together (this is sometimes called as hermetic sealing of PN layers) a PN junction diode is formed. The joint of P & N layers is called junction. When the junction is formed, some of the electrons near the surface of N–layer cross the junction and occupy holes in P–layer. Some of the atoms in N–layer loose their electrons and they become +ve ions. At the same time, some of the atoms accept these electrons, so they become –ve ions. In this way, opposite types of ions are accumulated near the edge of junction.
The MPTT is a very useful tool in applied electronics. It has a wide range of applications in amplifier. Its concept is as follows. When load is connected across a voltage source or across output of an amplifier, power is transferred from the source to the load. The amount of power being transferred depends on [...]